Anesthesia Technologist Practice Exam

Which drug is commonly administered to prevent blood clotting?

1. Warfarin

2. Heparin

3. Aspirin

4. Clopidogrel

The correct answer is: Heparin

Heparin is a commonly used anticoagulant that works by inhibiting the clotting factors in the blood, particularly thrombin and factor Xa. It is administered either intravenously or subcutaneously and is often used in hospital settings, especially during surgeries or in patients at risk for thromboembolic events. Heparin provides immediate anticoagulant effects and is crucial in preventing blood clots in acute situations, such as during and after surgery or in patients with certain heart conditions. While warfarin, aspirin, and clopidogrel also play roles in preventing blood clotting, they differ from heparin in their mechanisms and clinical applications. Warfarin is an oral anticoagulant that takes longer to reach its effect based on dietary interactions and monitoring of INR levels. Aspirin is an antiplatelet agent that primarily inhibits platelet aggregation but does not directly affect clotting factors. Clopidogrel is also an antiplatelet drug that works to inhibit the aggregation of platelets as well but is typically used for different indications than those for heparin. Thus, for preventing blood clotting effectively and rapidly in acute care environments, heparin is the drug of choice.