Anesthesia Technologist Practice Exam

Which three peripheral nerves are commonly injured by improper patient positioning?

1. Femoral nerve, Tibial nerve, Ulnar nerve

2. Ulnar nerve, Brachial plexus nerve, Radial nerve

3. Median nerve, Sciatic nerve, Axillary nerve

4. Popliteal nerve, Gluteal nerve, Peroneal nerve

The correct answer is: Ulnar nerve, Brachial plexus nerve, Radial nerve

The selection of the ulnar nerve, brachial plexus nerve, and radial nerve as those commonly injured by improper patient positioning is rooted in understanding the anatomical pathways and common clinical scenarios associated with anesthesia and surgical positioning. The ulnar nerve runs along the medial aspect of the arm and can be compressed when the arm is placed in certain positions, particularly when leaned against a hard surface or in awkward positioning during surgery. This can lead to a condition known as "ulnar nerve palsy," presenting with sensory and motor deficits in the hand. The brachial plexus, which supplies nerves to the shoulder, arm, and hand, is particularly vulnerable when the arm is abducted excessively or placed in positions that increase tension on the nerves. Such positioning can result in injury to this network, causing significant postoperative complications and affecting arm function. The radial nerve, which facilitates movement and sensation in the forearm and hand, can be entrapped by external pressure, especially during surgeries involving the shoulder or when the patient's arm is not properly supported. Improper positioning can lead to "wrist drop" and weakness in extension of the arm. These three peripheral nerves frequently encountered in clinical practice illustrate the risks associated with improper patient positioning during surgeries, highlighting the